Replication code and data for �UPSKILLING: DO EMPLOYERS DEMAND GREATER SKILL WHEN WORKERS ARE PLENTIFUL� by Alicia Sasser Modestino, Daniel Shoag, and Joshua Ballance

Review of Economics and Statistics
Production Date: April, 2019

Programs used: Stata 14, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word

A number of the analyses depend on proprietary or restricted-use data. Information on how to obtain these data is provided below.

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Analysis .do files related to analysis
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-./DO FILES/Analysis/figure_1.do: produces Figure 1.
-./DO FILES/Analysis/figure_2 and appendix figures.do: produces Figure 2 and appendix figures.
-./DO FILES/Analysis/mn_specifications.do: produces summary statistics using the Minnesota Job Vacancy Survey found in Table A3 and results found in Table B10. 
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 1 summary_stats.do: produces summary statistics found in Table 1 and in appendix Table A1.
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 2 and appendix tables.do: produces results found in Table 2 and appendix Table A6, B7, B16, C1, C2, C3
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 3 appendix.do: produces results found in appendix table B2
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 3 cross section.do: produces results found in Table 3 and appendix Table B6
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 3 in levels.do: produces results found in appendix Table B11
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 3 rep firmjobtitle_collapse.do: produces results found in appendix Table B3 
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 3 robustness.do: produces results found in Table B4, B5, B9
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 4 firmjobtitle supdem panel.do: produces results for the panel sample using the supply/demand ratio found in Table 4 and Table B2 and B8.
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 4 firmjobtitle supdem.do: produces results for the cross-sectional sample using the supply/demand ratio found in Table 4 and Table B2 and B8.
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 4 firmjobtitle.do: produce summary statistics found in Table 1 and Table A1, A4, and A5, and results for both the cross-sectional and panel samples using the unemployment rate found in Table 4 and Table B2 and B8.
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 5 firm job title vets: produces results found in Panel C of Table 5
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 5 vet exog test: produces results found in appendix Table B12, B13, and B15
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 5 vet specifications: produces results found in Panels A and B of Table 5 and appendix Table B16 
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 5 vet table dropping covars: produces results found in appendix Table B14
-./DO FILES/Analysis/table 5 vets factoring in participation: produces results found in appendix Table B17


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.do files for generating covariates
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-./DO FILES/Covariates/ACS_makecovariates.do: produces numerator of the number of unemployed by broad occupation group for calculating supply/demand ratios as well as indicators for occupations in traded versus non-traded industries
-./DO FILES/Covariates/BLS_OES_wage_data.do: produces covariates for wage specifications using BLS data in Table C3
-./DO FILES/Covariates/BLS_state_laborforce_estimates.do: produces state unemployment rate and state labor force using BLS data for main regressions in Tables 2, 3, and 5 
-./DO FILES/Covariates/CPS_makecovariates.do: produces covariates for the share of state population with a BA in 2000 and the average experience of the state population in 2000 were calculated using the Current Population Survey
-./DO FILES/Covariates/CPS_makecovariates_unicon.do: prodcues covariates for unemployment by education and age level used in analysis for Table C1
-./DO FILES/Covariates/HWOL_supdemrate.do: produces covariates for the Help Wanted OnLine supply/demand indexby broad occupation group for specifications in Table B8
-./DO FILES/Covariates/mechanisms_dataset.do: producs covariates for union membership, turnover, training, and time to fill using BLS data

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.do files for sample construction
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-./DO FILES/Sample Construction/assemble.do: assembles each month and year of the Burning Glass Technologies online job posting data from the raw text files
-./DO FILES/Sample Construction/BGT_create_estimation_dataset.do: creates variables for education and experience from job posting data, aggregates to the state x occupation x year level, merges in covariates, creates stacked differences
-./DO FILES/Sample Construction/firm_jobtitle_assembly_v5.do: restricts sample to job postings with both job title and firm name, creates variables for education and experience from job posting data, merges in covariates, creates cross-sectional and panel samples at the firm x job-title unit of observation
-./DO FILES/Sample Construction/firmjobtitle_collapse.do: collapses the firm  x job-title sample to state x occupation x year cells for robustness check in Table B3
-./DO FILES/Sample Construction/mn_unemployment_data.do: assembles each month and year of the Minnesota Job Vacanyc Survey data from the raw excel files

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Data 
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-Access to the Burning Glass Technologies online job posting microdata can be gained via application to BGT. Contact Bledi Taska, Chief Economist, at btaska@burning-glass.com
-HelpWanted OnLine job posting data can be licensed from The Conference Board.
-Restricted use microdata for the state of Minnesota's Job Vacancy Survey can be obtained by contacting the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development at deed.lmi@state.mn.us or 888-234-1114.
-Aggregate state unemployment rates are available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and are included in the file ur0714.dta.
-Unemployment rates by education and experience level were calculated using data from the Current Population Survey and are included in the file u_by_edu.dta
-Unemployment rates by region of Minnesota are available from the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Developmentand are included in the file mn_unemp.dta 
-Veteran employment shares by state and occupation were calculated using the American Community Survey and are included in the file acs3yr_2005to2007_veteran_employment_shares.dta
-Covariates for the share of state population with a BA in 2000 and the average experience of the state population in 2000 were calculated using the Current Population Survey and are included in the file cps_allcovars.dta
-Variables for robistness testing of unionization mechanism are included in the file bls_union_rates__major_occ_2006_2007.dta
